What Is a Tracheostomy?

A tracheostomy is a complex surgical procedure that begins with a small operation. An incision is made into the trachea (the windpipe) lower in the neck, and a tube is inserted. This procedure ensures a clear airway for air and oxygen to reach the lungs and an external route for secretions to exit. Imayam Nursing also offers home nursing care for tracheostomy patients in Chennai.

In most cases, a tracheostomy is a temporary procedure intended to be removed after a few days or weeks. Initially, the external opening will be gradually plugged for increasingly more extended periods. It is essential to tolerate this process, as the opening must be continuously plugged for several days. If no significant issues arise, the tracheostomy can be removed smoothly. A light dressing will cover the opening of the neck, which will heal and close on its own over time. This outlines the primary care for a tracheostomy at home.

Why Might a Tracheostomy Be Needed?

A tracheostomy may be recommended for individuals experiencing obstruction of the mouth or throat, sustaining an injury, or having pulmonary (lung) conditions. It can also be necessary for airway safety if there are issues with swallowing or if secretions or food pose a risk. In such cases, tracheostomy care at home should be considered.

How to Maintain Tracheostomy Care at Home

Effective communication is crucial during home tracheostomy care. After receiving instructions from a qualified practitioner, you can use the communication techniques they recommend. This will enhance your ability to manage tracheostomy care at home. Additionally, the outer cannula should only be removed if instructed by a healthcare professional.

Tracheostomy covers can help protect the airway from external elements. To check the tracheostomy tube:

• Wash your hands thoroughly and put on gloves.
• Suction the trach tube and remove the inner cannula if your tube has one.
• If your tube includes an inner cannula, make sure to remove it.

Hold the inner cannula above a basin and clean it with hydrogen peroxide. Rinse it thoroughly with saline or tap water, then dry it inside. Gently rinse the inner cannula with either saline or tap water.

Reinsert the inner cannula and remove the soiled gauze dressing from around the neck. Use swabs to clean the exposed parts of the outer cannula, then use a washcloth to wipe away the hydrogen peroxide and clean the skin. After changing the trach tube ties, dry the outer cannula and the skin around the stoma.

Suppose you notice any signs of breathing problems, irregular heartbeat, thick secretions, or other severe issues. In that case, it is essential to contact your healthcare provider and follow the necessary tracheostomy care procedures at home.